The Nature of the Distinct Contributions Made by Government, Media Owners, and Journalists to Canadas Media Environment

Introduction The government, media owners and journalists play a very vital role in ensuring smooth running and existence of a specific environment in the media industry. Each of them plays specific roles that go hand in hand for the proper coordination of the industry.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Nature of the Distinct Contributions Made by Government, Media Owners, and Journalists to Canada’s Media Environment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper will look into each stakeholder roles played by each of the three in the creation of the media environment that is found in Canada today. First and foremost I will start with the introduction of cultural industries and explain the different techniques that the government Canada tends to employ in justifying their policy and instruments of regulation. The cultural media industries comprise music recording, book publishing, and cinema, publishi ng news paper and occasionally publishing magazines. The cultural industries also comprise of the new media. New media are inclusive of blog, websites, production of audio visual and exchange. The policies for the cultural industries in Canada started back in early 1950s together with the Massey Commission report. The development of policies started in 1970s. The cultural policies had four rationales identified as development of culture, service to the public, democratic participation, and market failure. The specific rationales of the industry were among the reasons that attracted government support. The government invested and offered significant incentives for televising local (Canadian) productions video and film. The regulation of the Canadian content has been an effective policy instrument in sound recording. Cultural, structural and industrial support measures have instituted a vibrant sector for publishing books. Control of ownership through Income Tax Act together with prov isions to split-run editions in publication of magazines has remained effective until today. The main concerns for the cultural industries are ownership and control of the system o distribution.Advertising Looking for term paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is well documented that movie theatres exclusively show U.S. movies in the film industry. U.S. materials dominate in magazine racks, record stores and book stores. Dominance by Canada is only evident with respect to newspapers. This has been possible due to the ownership provisions in Canada which are found in section 19 of the Income Tax Act. This section became ineffective in 1999, in the aftermath of Bill C-55. Cultural industries have also had a problem when it comes to financing. Therefore, subsidy programs sponsored by the government are needed in almost every field. Day after another, cultural industries in Canada is increasingly being accepted within and outside Canada. The big debate on whether government funds should assist cultural industries, and on what ground appears to have abated. This may be just for a short while since in the event that the Harper conservatives win a second term in office the debate may be revived again. The supporting of cultural industries has become more problematic due to participation by Canada in international trade agreements. There has been demand for greater access in Canada’s cultural markets by the U.S. beyond its already dominant position. The result of this is threatening of the future of cultural industries of Canada. The Cultural Industries Sectoral Advisory Group on International Trade advised Canada to negotiate an international instrument to address the diversity of culture in 1999. Media ownership in Canada is both publicly and privately owned. These altogether thrive in a mixed economy. Free market economics can not exclusively manage any media industry in Ca nada. Even the publication of the newspaper, which comes nearest to an exclusively private industry, is subject to the regulations of federal ownership. These regulations have the main purpose of protecting the newspapers from foreign competition and takeover. Demands of the market place face each media company in Canada. This is inclusive of even CBC which is owned by the public which pays attention to ratings and advertising revenues.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Nature of the Distinct Contributions Made by Government, Media Owners, and Journalists to Canada’s Media Environment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In order to maintain a vibrant market place, we expect media market that is inclusive of both diversity of content and choice of outlets. All these have their roots from the ownership. Media owners choose the information that they want the audience to get. One of the major concerns reg arding the media is that a small number of owners may provide a limited choice in terms of where consumers can get information. This is because mass media production is majorly a business and measures of a successful business differ from those of a successful democracy. This simple means the interests of the media owners may not rhyme with the interest of the consumers. The best known example from Canada of how large media houses can serve interests of the business while at the same time violate interests of the public is the â€Å"Black Tuesday,† of 27th August, 1980. This happened when a competitive trade-off was made between two leading chain newspaper owners at that time i.e. Thomson and Southam. Southern closed â€Å"Winnipeg† which was its Tribune newspaper. This gave â€Å"Winnipeg Free Press† which was under the ownership of Thomson a monopoly in the city. On the other hand, Thomson closed its â€Å"Ottawa Journal† which left the â€Å"Ottawa Cit izen† which was under the ownership of Southam as the sole newspaper in the capital. These actions led to a major review of mass media by the Government of Canada in 1980. This was characterized by the formation of the Kent Commission (the Royal Commission on Newspapers). Media owners also determine the content found in the media. Many media owners do have strong political opinions that they present in their news outlets. This may reflect specific biases of the media owners which may in turn affect the type of content evident in coverage of several issues. Media play an important role in formation of opinions, attitudes, beliefs and values in the community.Advertising Looking for term paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There has been a debate on the level to which media influence behaviour and opinion. The general accepted view is that free and diverse media are an important part of good democracy. This is because of the ability of the media to convey the opinions of the people who then choose their political leaders. Although many people believe that much of the media coverage on political issues only reinforces the previous values, beliefs and political views, it is crystal clear that media coverage can affect the formation of opinions and assessment of political phenomenon. This brings in the importance of understanding the factors that influence media content. In the case where content of media influence opinions and assessment of issues, and these assessments and opinions then go on to influence the components of political behaviour such as salience of certain policy issues or the choice to vote for a given party. Therefore the responsibility of the media in a democratic process is to inform and not to direct. If the media offers direction, and then it should not be biased but rather provide a variety of voices to achieve balance since greater choice means more diverse content. Most media houses espouse right wing values in talk shows and commentary. These values carry across media networks not simply on isolated shows or stations. There are people who argue that journalists tend to be more liberal than the public and this leads to left-wing slant in coverage of issues by the media. Journalists play the role of producing the content of the media. Content producers are the heart of the media enterprise. The manufacture of the content that we hear on our radios; see in our books, newspapers, and magazines; and see on our computers, cinema screens and televisions is done by journalists, television producers, radio hosts, film editors and magazine photographers. These have broad job descriptions and work environments. The images we see and the stories whether factual or fic tional are constructed and never naturally presented. The construction process comprises a series of choices about which stories to present and how to present them. This happens both when journalists attempt to make the reality accurate and when they are trying to stress on a particular point of view or style of presentation. All in all, no story is a complete story and no picture is complete. This section will look at journalism as a process of producing content and look into a broader perspective of who the Canadian journalists are and the contexts of their work in influencing the media environment in Canada. Journalism as a form of story telling is based on the real people and events. But the reality as is always implied, the journalists instead frame reality, choosing specific occurrences, people and particular aspects of a story as worthy to make news while leaving others stories. Journalists share some of the characteristics of other types of storytellers but they are distingu ished by features such as their guiding principles of seeking for truth, objectivity and independence; the legal and ethical rights and responsibilities of practice in an environment of free-press; and the context of news production in an institution. Although one of the linchpins of news reporting is freedom of press, this does not imply that journalists are at liberty to report whatever they like or that news organizations can practice impunity through publishing and broadcasting. Such constraints as privacy and libel keep journalists in line with accepted standards of integrity. Given the nature of news production which is selective it is crucial to know the origin of the news report. Canadian journalists do not represent the population at large. They are mostly young, male, white, and well educated and they mostly work for commercial news organizations with large corporate owners. These factors influence both what and how the news is reported as well as what may not be reported. The above discussion has outlined broad roles with regard to media regulation, ownership and news production in Canada. The Canadian media environment has continued to experience the impact of the significant transformation that has occurred in the recent years. Key stakeholders have been reshaped due to a series of new acquisitions and mergers that have taken place in this century. This has initiated moves to democratize media to take two forms; media reform and alternative media. These seek to establish ways to diversify and make the media organizations that are in existence more accountable and the establishment of new independent media outlets specifically to serve defined communities respectively. This accountability will be depicted in the way the three organs of the media will operate and ultimately, they should serve the citizens of the Canadian government with an insight into the country’s state of affairs Reference Lorimer, Gasher, M. Skinner, D. (2008.) Mass comm unication in Canada.6th Ed. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press This term paper on The Nature of the Distinct Contributions Made by Government, Media Owners, and Journalists to Canada’s Media Environment was written and submitted by user Cadence Vargas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

math essays

math essays 1. How is math used in your every day job duties? Math is used frequently, If I had to estimate I would say all day. 2. What math classes do you recommend for someone interested in your position? Well when you finish your high schools math classes I suggest you take as many math classes as you can, try to take 1 every semester. 3. What type of degree is necessary for your type of work? 4. How has technology changed the type of math that you used in your job? Well now most of the computers do all the work but keep in mind you still have to know what your doing. 6. Has math help you a lot in your type of work? Yes math has help me tremendously in my line of work. 1. How is math used in your every day job duties? 2. What math classes do you recommend for someone interested in your position? 3. What type of degree is necessary for your type of work? You have to be great with geometry. 4. How has technology changed the type of math that you used in your job? It has made it easier with many kinds of machines that we didn't used to have. 6. Has math help you a lot in your type of work? Indeed it has it has help me allot. 1. How is math used in your every day job duties? 2. What math classes do you recommend for someone interested in your position? Make sure you are good at geometry and pass all your math classes. 3. What type of degree is necessary for your type of work? 4. How has technology changed the type of math that you used in your job? Many great equipment has come in wich helps us a lot and makes working faster. ...

Assignment 6 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assignment 6 - Research Paper Example In this regard, Data works have extreme support towards the successive evaluation of various school counselling programs. There are huge numbers of schools whose data records are to be kept appropriately for the easy evaluation of these counselling programs. School counsellors with support of other members of the school build paper works regarding the learning, participation in various programs, undisciplined behaviour and absenteeism of the students. In addition, school counsellor delivers information to the principal of the schools so that they must structure an overall data of the students in an excel sheet and other data storing software to have a better track record of the actions of students. Moreover, l counsellors should organize meetings with parents, teachers and students to reveal the effectiveness of the counselling programs towards the educational, social along with future career development of the students. They should deliver motivational thoughts with practical exampl es so that it encourages the students. They should also share the survey status wherein illiteracy along with the poverty rates has arised due to lack of proper education and career programs. These actions of the counsellors would motivate and create a positive environment for the students to have a bright future (1American School Counselor Association 1-4; Young and Kaffenberger 1-31). Furthermore, professional school counsellors play a crucial role towards efficient implementation of â€Å"School Counselling Programs†. School counsellors have various responsibilities for assessing and evaluating appropriate and successful counselling programs. Therefore, they have to plan the academic program of the students and organize aptitude, cognitive and achievement tests from the students. They also need to organize counselling programs for the absentees, undisciplined students as well as to address the

Wearing on Her Nerves by Brown and Ellerton Case Study

Wearing on Her Nerves by Brown and Ellerton - Case Study Example The following essay is about a case study that examines Kathy’s Multiple Sclerosis condition. 1. The nervous system consists of sensory systems, which are responsible for perception of sensory information. Receptors and neural pathways that constitute the sensory system effect sensory perception. The human body is a connection of sensory receptors throughout the body that are responsible for message sending to the brain. For example, the skin contains sensory receptors responsible for capturing messages. The messages are sent to the brain through the neural path to the brain, which then triggers the appropriate reflex action. 2. The musculoskeletal system gives organisms, including humans, the ability to move. This system is responsible for support, stability and movement of the body. The motor neuron of the skeletal system is responsible for the skeletal muscle movement. The motor neuron initiates signals to the muscles using the somatic nervous system. 3. A motor unit is a constituent of the motor neuron. It is responsible for the twitching and contraction of the muscles. The motor unit consists of four components. These include the motor neuron in the brain, its axion, peripheral nerve and the neuromuscular junction. 4. The contraction of muscles helps the body of a human being to stand up. The thigh muscles, which are initiated by the skeletal muscles system, need to contract. This is a joint mechanism between the muscle fibers and the sensory nerve system. The actin and myosin filaments receive signals from the sensory cells that enable the muscles to contract hence the ability to stand up. 5. Skeletal muscle fibers are enormous and multinucleated. Each muscle contains numerous nuclei in the cell membrane. During growth and development, myoblasts fuse together to form skeletal muscle fibers. The sarcolemma is the cell membrane of the muscles, and sarcoplasm or cytoplasm of the muscle fiber is surrounded by the cell membrane.

“Eveline” and “The Dead” Essay Example for Free

â€Å"Eveline† and â€Å"The Dead† Essay Similarities between James Joyces short stories, â€Å"Eveline† and â€Å"The Dead† James Joyces short stories â€Å"Eveline† and â€Å"The Dead† basically share a lot of similarities in multiple aspects. Although they are thematically different, the main characters in both stories share nearly similar experiences that basically changed their views, beliefs, and decisions in life. The first notable similarity is between Gabriel Conroy, the main character of â€Å"The Dead† and Eveline, the principal character in â€Å"Eveline. † In â€Å"The Dead,† Gabriel Conroy views himself as a person who is in control of his life and, most especially his wife, Gretta. However, when Gretta suddenly cries because she remembered her past lover through a song being played in piano, Gabriel realizes that he has not in control of her since she evidently still has some past attachments that havent been settled. This incident basically changed Gabriels perception of his life and general as he laid down on his bed. Similarly, Eveline was already convinced that she wanted to escape the cruelty of his father by going away with her lover Frank but when she hears the organs that was played during her mothers death, she suddenly had a change of heart and remained in her home town. In addition, Evelines experience is also similar with Gretta as they both heard music that reminded them of their pasts. In short, the similarity between â€Å"Eveline† and â€Å"The Dead† is that both stories contained characters who suddenly stopped pursuing their desires and dreams due to a single yet significant experience. Moreover, both stories involves acknowledging and reconciling with the past and using past experiences to make decisions for the future.

Pez :: essays research papers

Pez was invented in 1927 in Vienna, Austria by an already accomplished candyman named Edward Haas III. The word "Pez" comes from the German word for peppermint, which is phefferminz. You take the first, middle, and last letters, put them together and you get Pez. When Edward Haas first invented Pez it was originally a breath mint for adult smokers, thus the first dispenser which came along in 1947, naturally, looked like a cigarette lighter. In 1952 Edward Haas brought his business to America and did extensive research with his products and the way children had grown attached to them. So in 1952 the first fruit flavored Pez was introduced along with the first Pez dispensers with character heads on them. The first flavors of Pez included cherry, lemon, orange and strawberry. These were the flavors that Edward thought the children would like the most. DispensersIn 1947 when the first Pez dispenser was invented it looked like a cigarette lighter and the "characters" that we know Pez by were not introduced until 1952. It is not certain, but some experts think that Mickey Mouse, and several other Disney characters were the first to appear on the top of dispensers. The top selling dispensers of all times are Mickey Mouse, Santa, and Dino the dinosaur from the Flinstones. Since the beginning of dispensers, over 275 different characters have been featured on top of a dispenser. Before 1987 dispensers did not have "feet". Feet are the two tabs on the bottom of the dispenser that help it stand up straight. The new Pez "regulars" are a remake of the first dispenser that looked like the cigarette lighter. The new regulars have no feet. Pez dispensers are made in and imported from Austria, Czech Republic, China, Hungry, Hong Kong, Yugoslavia, and Slovenia. The dispensers are sold at local Toys R Us, K-mart, Walmart, Wallgreens, Target, Eckard Drug, Family Dollar, Dollar Tree, and many other stores. Some dispensers like Bubble Man are only available through Special order direct from the Pez Candy Co. The most money ever paid for a single Pez dispenser was $3,600 brought at auction for a Big Top Elephant dispenser. Dispenser TagsThere are two different types of tags on Pez dispensers. The first type is the patent number. Pez first applied for a patent in 1968, and received the number 2.620.061. The patent number is located on the bottom left side of the dispenser.

Essay Composition

Writing an essay requires an orderly and careful process, however, the pre-writing process is as important as the writing process. This paper will outline the process that has been used in writing the essay on raising the minimum legal driving age. In the pre-writing process, I had a list of topics that I had interest in and narrowed down my choices of topics. (The chosen flow of topics has been highlighted).Once the topic on minimum driving age was taken, a preliminary topic sentence was created. The topic sentence is: The regulation of the minimum driving age should be changed. Following this topic, the following questions have been formulated:?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What are the issues on the current minimum driving age  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What are the relationships between the minimum driving age and motor-vehicular accidents  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Would changing the minimum driving age increase road safety?I took statistics, books and periodicals to increase knowledge on the topic an d be able to answer the questions that have been presented above. I took into consideration certain criteria that would help me choose the best sources possible. The criteria that were used were the following:?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reliability of the author- Knowledge on the topic (educational background, etc.)?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Recency of the source (date of publication)For example:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"†¦Those common factors emerged when USA TODAY examined all the deadly crashes involving 16-to-19-year-old drivers in 2003. About 3,500 teenagers died in teen-driven vehicles in the USA that year — a death toll that tops that of any disease or injury for teens. The South proved to be the deadliest region.[1]† After reading and rereading my sources, the specific topic that came was about raising the minimum driving age. This topic was chosen since this is an outstanding issue in the state of Massachusetts. Using the sources that I have gathered, I took down the pros and cons of raising the minimum driving age. I wrote the arguments and counter arguments in tabular form so as to look at which arguments were strong.Pros –  Lessen driving accidents,  Teenager's brain can fully developCons   Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  Might increase illegal drivers My decision on a stand was based on these arguments as well as the reliability of the given sources. The final thesis statement now stands: The minimum legal driving age should be raised. After which an outline was created in order to serve as a guide for writing the paper. From the sources taken in the previous part of the research process as well as personal experiences, my position was determined: The legal age for driving should be raised from its current age to a higher age level. The reason for choosing such was based on facts and statistics. The facts were based on medical research, as well as experiences in the field of psychology.BibliographyCrossman, D;R. Sixteen is too young to drive : taking control when your teen's behind-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the-wheel. Scotia, NY : Footnote Pub. 2002.Landsberger, J. Writing Position Papers. The Study Guides and Strategies (02 June, 2006). 20 February 2007. O' Donnell,J. â€Å"Deadly teen auto crashes show a patt ern.† USA TODAY, (1 March 2005).McAleese, D. â€Å"Rethink of legal driving age urged by church moderator. â€Å"Financial Times Ltd.† (09 October, 2006). 20 Feb., 2006. ;http://solutions.cengage.com/gale/apps/,M. Teenage Roadhogs. New York : Alpha Reference. 1997.Schnell, D. Characteristics of Adolescence. Minneapolis: Minn.,Burgess Pub.Co.1946.